Celtis tenuifolia
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Celtis tenuifolia

Georgia hackberry · Dwarf hackberry · Upland hackberry

Tier 2 Difficulty: easy Water: low Light: full_sun Toxicity: low
Water every
7 days
0
Soil pH
5–8
Hardiness
Zone 3–9
Click count
854
Observations
31

Description

Source: leafsnap

Celtis tenuifolia, commonly known as the dwarf hackberry, is a small deciduous tree or shrub that belongs to the family Cannabaceae. Native to North America, it thrives in a variety of habitats, including woodlands, prairies, and savannas. Typically, the plant reaches a height of 10-20 feet with a spread of 10-15 feet. The leaves of Celtis tenuifolia are simple, alternate, and elliptical, measuring about 1-3 inches long. They are dark green with serrated edges and have a glossy appearance. In spring, the plant produces small greenish-white flowers, which are followed by small, edible fruits that turn from green to orange-red when ripe. Celtis tenuifolia is known for its hardiness and adaptability, tolerating various soil types, including clay soils, as well as drought conditions, heat stress, and pollution. It provides food for wildlife, with birds feeding on its fruits and deer browsing on its leaves. In traditional medicine, Native American tribes such as the Cherokee used Celtis tenuifolia bark tea to treat coughs, while other tribes used it to address diarrhea or dysentery. Overall, Celtis tenuifolia is an attractive ornamental tree or shrub that offers ecological benefits by providing food sources for wildlife. Its hardiness and low maintenance requirements make it an ideal choice for gardeners seeking durable, ecologically beneficial plants.

🌳 The unassuming common hackberry might look like an ordinary tree, yet it carries important value in Native American traditions. Its wood is strong but flexible and has been used to craft durable bows. The tree's berries, while not a regular part of human diets, supply essential nutrients to animals and have untapped nutraceutical potential because of their rich antioxidant content.

🎭 Dignity, self-respect, intellect, hopefulness

Care Guide

💧 Water Every 7 days
Suggested frequency: Every 7 days
☀️ Light Full sun

The common hackberry requires ample light to grow well, preferring spots where it gets sun for most of the day. However, it can tolerate locations with a mix of sun and shade. Both too much and too little light can harm the plant, impacting its growth and overall health.

Ideal: Full sun
🌡️ Temperature 0–35°C

The common hackberry originates from temperate regions and needs temperatures between 32 to 95 ℉ (0 to 35 ℃) to thrive. In colder periods, temperatures below 32 ℉ (0 ℃) should be avoided and the plant must be protected from frost. During warmer months, it can tolerate temperatures up to 95 ℉ (35 ℃).

Ideal temperature: 0–35°C
💨 Humidity
Humidity:
🪴 Soil 5-8
Soil pH: 5-8
🌱 Fertilizer

Fertilize your Common hackberry in early spring to encourage healthy growth. Regular fertilization enhances its overall health, producing vigorous growth, greater resilience to difficult conditions, and improved resistance to diseases and pests. Keep to a specific fertilization schedule for your Common hackberry to ensure foliage that is vibrant, richly colored, and lush in appearance.

🪴 Pot & Repot
✂️ Pruning

Dwarf hackberry, celebrated for its compact size and resilience, benefits greatly from pruning in early spring. Begin by removing any dead wood and crowded branches to improve airflow. Trimming branches that have grown too long helps maintain the plant's shape, encourages vigor, and boosts fruit production. With regular care, you can also reduce pests and keep the plant looking attractive.

🌿 Propagating
🐛 Diseases & pets
☠️ Toxicity

Characteristics

Plant Type
Tree
Life Cycle
Perennial
Genus
Celtis
Family
Cannabaceae
Hardiness Zone
3-9
Mature Height
9.14 m to 39.93 m
Mature Spread
11.89 m to 14.94 m
Leaf Color
Green, Yellow
Leaf Type
Deciduous
Flower Color
Green
Flower Size
0.76 cm
Bloom Time
Mid spring, Late spring
Planting Time
Spring, Autumn
Harvest Time
Mid summer, Late summer, Early fall

Tags (7)

Common Names (3)

en Georgia hackberry
en Dwarf hackberry
en Upland hackberry