Eleocharis acicularis
Images by part: leaf (5) · flower (5) · fruit (1) · bark (0) · habit (3) · other (0)

Eleocharis acicularis

Needle spike-rush · Dwarf hair-grass · Needle spikerush · Least Spikerush · Needle spikesedge

Tier 1 Difficulty: easy Water: low Light: full_sun
Water every
3 days
Temperature
5–35 °C
Hardiness
Zone 5–9
Click count
60
Observations
40

Description

Source: leafsnap

Eleocharis acicularis is a species of spikesedge known by the common names needle spikerush and least spikerush. It is widespread across Europe, central and southeastern Asia, North America and northeastern South America as far south as Ecuador. It is also found in Australia, where it is probably an introduced species.Eleocharis acicularis is an annual or perennial spikesedge with long, grasslike stems to about 15 centimeters (6 inches) in height, shorter in bog conditions, from a creeping rhizome. In shallow water it will form short spikes of tiny flowers amongst flat overlapping bracts. The tiny flowers are less than five millimeters in diameter and are borne at the tip of each stem in single, sharply pointed, lanceoloid spikelets up to about six millimeters long. This is a plant of marshes, vernal pools, and bogs.Eleocharis acicularis is sold commercially as an aquascape plant suitable for inclusion in artificial aquatic environments. It thrives with plenty of light and a high concentration of carbon dioxide.The specific epithet, acicularis, is derived from Latin and means "needle-shaped".

Care Guide

💧 Water Twice per week

Needle spikerush thrives in moist environments, preferring high humidity and consistent moisture. To ensure optimal growth, water it twice a week. This aquatic plant is well-suited for outdoor water gardens or indoor aquariums, where it enjoys a constant supply of water.

Suggested frequency: Twice per week
FAQ
What should I do if I give my Needle spikerush plant too much or too little water?

Proper watering is essential for the health of this beautiful ornamental grass. If planted in the ground, watering issues can be resolved. However, in a container, too much or too little water can quickly kill Needle spikerush. Insufficient watering can cause stunted growth, while overwatering leads to yellow leaves with brown tips. Underwatering results in drooping leaves, weak seed production, and browned leaves. If you suspect your Needle spikerush has been watered improperly, start by determining if it's receiving too much or too little water. If excess water is the issue, stop watering immediately. It may take some time for heavy soils to dry out, so patience is necessary. Once you see new growth, test the soil moisture and decide if more water is needed. Similarly, if the grass isn't getting enough water, simply give it a deep drink to see if it improves. Remember, a long, deep watering is better than frequent shallow waterings. This encourages deep root growth, making the grass more resistant to drought and watering problems.

How frequently should I water my Needle spikerush?

The watering needs of Needle spikerush depend on where it is planted. In general, watering once a week is recommended. However, in hot climates, watering once or twice a week during the summer may be necessary. In moderate climates, watering once every seven days or more may be sufficient. Grass in containers usually need more frequent watering than grasses in the ground. Additionally, the location of the grass matters, as shaded grasses require less frequent watering than those planted in the ground. It is important to only water Needle spikerush when the soil is dry. There are a few signs to look out for, such as pressing your finger into the soil to check its dryness. Potted grass can be weighed or simply felt to determine if it needs watering. When the roots lack sufficient water, the blades may appear folded and thinner than usual. Regular, deep waterings will help maintain the grass's beautiful color, despite its drought tolerance. Although Needle spikerush is a hardy grass that can withstand harsh conditions, providing consistent water will ensure its best growth. When first planted, more frequent watering is needed until the grass establishes deep roots. For potted Needle spikerush, the soil may dry out quickly, especially in hot and sunny conditions. Testing the soil every 3 to 4 days and watering when it feels dry is recommended. In-ground Needle spikerush generally requires less watering, but this depends on the type of soil it is grown in. Clay soil retains moisture and may feel dry at the surface while still having enough moisture below. Sandy soils that drain quickly will need more frequent watering.

What should I watch out for when watering my Needle spikerush in different seasons, climates, or growing stages?

To determine if you are watering enough, observe the rate of growth of your grasses. Needle spikerush, for example, tends to double in size within a year during the hottest months. If it's hot outside and the grass is not growing vigorously, you may need to adjust your watering schedule. In winter, you might be able to water once a month, but it's still important to check the soil for moisture. Generally, during the warmest months, the grass requires more water due to its growth cycle. However, during winter and cooler months, the need for water significantly decreases. Remember that when it comes to Needle spikerush, the soil should always dry out completely before adding water.

☀️ Light Full sun

Needle spikerush flourishes when fully exposed to sunlight, which ensures its best growth and health. It does not need shade. Its native habitats receive plentiful sunlight, allowing it to obtain maximum energy for photosynthesis and to maintain healthy development. Neither excessive nor minimal light significantly affects it.

Ideal: Full sun
FAQ
What kind of sunlight does Needle spikerush require?

The needle spikerush is a plant that thrives in full sun, requiring at least six hours of sunlight each day to keep its leaves, roots, and blooms healthy. While most perennials also need six hours of sunlight, plants like the Orange Daylily or Giant Coreopsis can survive with only three hours of sun each day. However, these flowering plants won't reach their full potential without more sunshine.

Can the sun harm Needle spikerush? How can I shield Needle spikerush from sun and heat damage?

In warm climates, some Perennial Flowering Plants may struggle with excessive heat and suffer from sun damage. They can wilt, dry out, or even experience growth problems if they are consistently exposed to the intense afternoon sun. However, not all plants require protection from the light afternoon sun. For those that are harmed by intense afternoon exposure, it is recommended to provide them with some shade in warmer climates. Gardeners can achieve this by planting these plants in areas that do not receive direct heat during the afternoon, such as under trees or behind bushes.

Should I keep Needle spikerush away from the sun?

Certain perennial plants require ample sunlight to reach their maximum bloom. However, in warmer climates, some of these plants actually benefit from less sun. For instance, individuals residing in hotter regions might find it beneficial to shade their flowering perennials during the intense afternoon sun, especially during summer months. Although many perennial flowering plants prefer partial shade in the hottest climates, there are exceptions. Take the Giant Coreopsis, for example, as it is not bothered by excessive sun exposure. These plants can flourish even when placed in the full sun during scorching weather.

If Needle spikerush doesn't get enough sunlight, what will happen?

If your Needle spikerush is lacking in sunlight, you will notice signs of insufficient requirements in your plants. They will produce fewer blooms compared to when they receive full sun exposure. While some plants may develop dry spots on their leaves, most will still bloom even with inadequate sun. However, the flowers will be smaller and less full.

Does Needle spikerush require different sunlight care as it grows?

Needle spikerush is a lovely flower for gardens that thrives with at least six hours of sunlight a day. To keep the flowers fresh longer, it's beneficial to provide partial shade during the hottest times of the day. For young plants, it's important to strike a balance between adequate sunlight and protecting them from intense afternoon heat. Once the plant has matured, ensure it receives abundant sunlight to support healthy growth.

🌡️ Temperature 5–35°C

Needle spikerush is native to habitats with temperatures ranging from 68 to 95 °F (20 to 35 ℃). It grows best within this temperature range. Adjustments may be necessary if temperatures in its surroundings fall below or rise above this bracket.

Ideal temperature: 5–35°C
FAQ
What temperature is best for Needle spikerush?

The best temperature for Needle spikerush depends on the time of year. Let's discuss the ideal temperature ranges for the growing and dormancy seasons. During the growing season, when the plant starts to sprout, the temperature should be between 65-80℉ (18-27℃). If it gets colder than 15℉ (-10℃), the plant may suffer and its leaves could brown and wilt. However, if it's just a short cold snap, the Needle spikerush may survive with some help. In the warmer parts of the year, it's important to protect the plant from temperatures that are too high. 95-105℉ (35-40℃) is the upper limit for this plant, as anything above that can damage the leaves and blooms. Hotter temperatures can cause wilting, drooping, and even sunburn on the leaves, which the Needle spikerush may struggle to recover from. Luckily, there are several quick and easy ways to tackle this issue.

The temperature needs for the first year or young Needle spikerush plant.

If you're growing Needle spikerush outside for the first time, it will require extra care during the coldest months. Frost can cause severe damage and prevent healthy growth in the spring. To protect the plant, it should be kept at a temperature of 40℉(5℃) or above until it's established. This can be achieved by either bringing it indoors for a month or two or using mulch or fabric barriers to guard against frost damage. During the first year or two, it's recommended to plant Needle spikerush in a shadier location. Smaller and weaker plants struggle to regulate their temperature in the heat, so limiting direct sunlight to a maximum of five hours per day is advised, especially if the temperature exceeds 80℉(27℃). To manage summer heat, use shadecloth and water or mist the plant regularly.

How do I keep Needle spikerush safe from very hot or very cold weather?

During the growing season, if cold temperatures (below 15℉(-10℃)) occur, there are a few measures you can take to protect Needle spikerush from frost or cold damage. If you're growing it in a container, simply bring the container inside in bright, indirect light until temperatures rise above the lower threshold again. If it's planted in the ground, you can use mulch or horticultural fabric to create an insulated barrier around the plant, which will protect it from frost and cold wind. On the other hand, for temperatures hotter than 80℉(27℃) in the shade during the day, be cautious about exposing Needle spikerush to more than six hours of sunlight per day, preferably in the morning. Using shade cloth or fine plastic mesh can reduce the amount of direct sunlight that reaches the plant during the hottest parts of the day. Additionally, installing a misting system that releases cooling mist around the base of the plant can help lower ground temperatures throughout the day.

The recommended temperature for Needle spikerush during the dormant season.

During the cold winter months, Needle spikerush needs a certain amount of cold to stay dormant until it's time to sprout. If it sprouts too early, before the last frost has passed, it can be fatal, especially if it's already started growing when the frost hits. Ideally, winter temperatures should stay below 32℉ (0℃), but up to 40℉ (5℃) is also okay. In more temperate climates like woodland rainforests, an unexpected warm period in winter can cause Needle spikerush to sprout early. If there's still a risk of frost, it's a good idea to cover it with clear plastic on stakes to protect the sprout. This cover can be removed once the threat of frost has passed. Sometimes, Needle spikerush will sprout at the right time on its own, but using this method increases the chances of a successful second sprouting.

💨 Humidity
Humidity:
🪴 Soil
🌱 Fertilizer
FAQ
Why should I put fertilizer on my Needle spikerush?

Fertilizing Needle spikerush is important for a couple of reasons. Firstly, the plant requires extra nutrients in order to produce strong and healthy new growth. These additional nutrients also promote the well-being of older growth and can aid in protecting the plant from diseases and pests.

When should I fertilize my Needle spikerush?

To ensure the survival of Needle spikerush in the garden, it's important to know the right time to fertilize it. This plant does not need a lot of nutrients, so you don't have to provide additional fertilizer when it is dying back. It's not advisable to apply diluted fertilizer at the beginning of the growing season. Instead, a better option is to place mulch or compost around the base of the plant.

When is the best time to not fertilize my Needle spikerush?

If you're not using packaged fertilizers, you don't need to worry about when to stop feeding Needle spikerush. Simply apply a layer of compost or mulch in the spring and that will suffice to keep the plant happy all year long. During the dormant winter period, there is no need to mulch or compost.

What kind of fertilizer does my Needle spikerush plant require?

Instead of rushing to buy fertilizer from the garden center, you can use compost to provide the necessary nutrients for needle spikerush. In the spring, simply lay down a layer of compost and the plant will be well-nourished. Additionally, if you mulch your garden every year, the bark will also help keep your plant healthy and nourished.

How should I give nutrients to my Needle spikerush?

If you are using mulch or compost for Needle spikerush, the steps are the same. First, put down a layer of the material, ensuring it covers the plant's base. If you choose to use both mediums, reduce the amount of compost. Additionally, adding a layer of mulch serves two purposes by helping the soil retain moisture and providing nutrients to your plant.

🪴 Pot & Repot 2-3 years

To repot needle spikerush, do so every 2 to 3 years in early spring. Use a shallow, wide pot that has good drainage. For optimal growth, keep the plant moist and place it in an area with full sun to partial shade. This fast-growing, aquatic plant thrives with consistent moisture and requires minimal attention after repotting.

Suggested frequency: 2-3 years
✂️ Pruning

Needle spikerush is an aquatic plant that resembles fine grass. To promote healthy growth and prevent overcrowding, prune any damaged stems in early spring. Regular maintenance is key, as it improves water circulation and reduces the risk of algal blooms. Be sure to follow horticultural guidelines for the best care.

🌿 Propagating
🐛 Diseases & pets
☠️ Toxicity

Characteristics

Plant Type
Grass
Life Cycle
Perennial, Annual
Genus
Eleocharis
Family
Cyperaceae
Hardiness Zone
5-9
Mature Height
3 cm to 30 cm
Mature Spread
3.05 m
Leaf Color
Green
Leaf Type
Deciduous
Flower Color
Brown, Green
Flower Size
0.20 cm to 0.25 cm
Bloom Time
Summer, Early fall
Planting Time
Spring, Autumn
Harvest Time
Late summer, Fall

Tags (5)

Common Names (7)

en Needle spike-rush
en Dwarf hair-grass
en Needle spikerush
en Least Spikerush
en Needle spikesedge
en Wonsan Spikerush
en Slender spikerush