Gordonia axillaris, commonly known as the loblolly bay, is a flowering evergreen tree that belongs to the Theaceae family. Native to the southeastern United States, it thrives in wetlands and swamps. The tree can reach up to 60 feet in height and spread out to about 30 feet. It features glossy, dark green, lance-shaped leaves that range from 3 to 6 inches long.
In late spring or early summer, the loblolly bay produces fragrant white flowers with yellow centers. These blooms are approximately 2 to 3 inches wide and have five slightly ruffled petals. The flowers attract bees, butterflies, and other pollinators.
The fruit of Gordonia axillaris is a woody capsule that contains several seeds, which ripen in late summer or early fall.
This plant prefers moist soil but can tolerate some drought once established. It grows best in full sun or partial shade, but may suffer from leaf scorch if exposed to excessive sun during hot summers.
Gordonia axillaris is valued ornamentally as an accent plant in gardens or landscapes, thanks to its attractive foliage, fragrant flowers, and interesting fruit capsules. These capsules persist on the tree throughout winter, providing visual interest even after the leaves drop in autumn.
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