Lathraea clandestina

Lathraea clandestina, commonly known as the purple toothwort, is a parasitic plant belonging to the family Orobanchaceae. Native to Europe and Western Asia, it thrives in damp woodlands, along riverbanks, and in other shaded areas. Lacking chlorophyll, the purple toothwort depends entirely on its host plants for nutrients. It attaches to the roots of trees such as alder, hazel, or willow using specialized structures called haustoria, which penetrate into the host's roots. The plant features a fleshy stem that can grow up to 30 cm tall, adorned with small, scale-like leaves that are reduced in size due to its parasitic nature. Its tubular flowers, ranging in color from purplish to pink, bloom on spikes at the top of the stem. While some cultures have used the purple toothwort for its purported anti-inflammatory properties, it is important to note that the plant can be toxic if ingested. Overall, Lathraea clandestina is a fascinating example of a parasitic plant with unique adaptations that enable survival without photosynthesis.

Characteristics

Plant Type

Herb

Life Cycle

Perennial

Genus

Lathraea

Family

Orobanchaceae

Hardiness Zone

5-8

Mature Height

15 cm

Mature Spread

49 cm

Leaf Color

White

Leaf Type

Deciduous

Flower Color

Purple, Violet

Flower Size

3.05 cm to 5.08 cm

Bloom Time

Early spring, Mid spring

Planting Time

Spring, Summer

Harvest Time

Late spring, Early summer

Native Area

Italy, Spain, Belgium, France

Tags (4)

Common Names (2)